Barbara Kraley Youel | Towpath Member | Contributor
|
Barbara Kraley, Class of 1966
Independence High School
|
It’s
1966 – The
Independence High School (Ohio) yearbook presents its senior class numbering
138, 66 males and 72 females. Let’s look
at some of the activities listed under graduating senior Barbara Kraley’s name:
Latin Club, National Honor Society, school newspaper, concert choir, GAA
(Girls’ Athletic Association), and modern dance. See anything missing? No
girls’ tennis? basketball? baseball? track? Maybe Barb was just a singing and
dancing bookish writer who loved a dead language and shunned sports. Or, maybe
there just weren’t any competitive sports to join. (cross out the “maybe”)
It’s
1972 – Just
6 short years later, public schools such as Independence High would have to
open sports to females. Inspired by the 1964 Civil Rights Act, various legal
and legislative efforts would culminate in Title IX of the Education Amendments
of 1972.
It
states that:
“No person in the United
States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, denied
the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program
or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”
(http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/tix_dis.html)
Enacted
by the 92nd United States Congress, effective on June 23, 1972, this
act prohibited sex discrimination in any institution or school receiving
federal monies, which included the Independence Public Schools, as well as
thousands of other institutions nationwide. Come to be known simply as Title
IX, this act forbade sex discrimination in many areas of society, but germane
to this discussion is that in effect, it opened the door to full and equal
participation for girls in high school and collegiate athletics.
It’s
1973 – As
if a spectacular imprimatur were needed to thrust Title IX into public
consciousness, on September 20 the most hyped “Battle of the Sexes” tennis
exhibition match was played between Billie Jean King and Bobby Riggs. It is
“often credited with sparking a boom in women’s sports.” (http://www.history.com/news/billie-jean-king-wins-the-battle-of-the-sexes-40-years-ago). Some 30,000 fans in
Houston’s Astrodome plus an estimated 90 million TV viewers, watched the
29-year-old King “eviscerate” the 55-year-old former Wimbledon champion, 6-4,
6-3, 6-3. Following this 1973 win,
King’s superstar status in the US skyrocketed with endorsements and
opportunities to found a women’s players union, sports magazine, advocacy
group, team tennis league, win multiple major titles, and of course the crowning
achievement, the opening of the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in
Flushing Meadows, New York. (2006)
It’s
2014 –
While most of us will not encounter such male/female public drama or fabulous
tennis fame, we all have the opportunity to play the game we love. Many
of the young women I now meet on the tennis courts have come through high
school and college as bona-fide beneficiaries of Title IX. They have played
competitive tennis as well as other sports. Some have heard about Title IX; others
don’t know it at all, having taken the student/athlete role as a given, (was
life ever any different?) and why not?
Would they ever believe that high school girls of some 50 years ago
accepted the Pep Club and cheerleading as “what the girls did” and thought
little of the boys’ potential fame and fortune (think athletic scholarships) as
they played football, basketball, golf, baseball, and wrestled and ran.
I
ponder these memories not in resentment, but in quiet satisfaction that equal
access is here to stay, and the world of women’s sports is based largely on
talent, determination, ability, and family support, not de facto exclusion by
gender.
As
an older tennis player, having been introduced to this incredible sport in 2001, I can
only guess where I would be today had competitive sports such as tennis or
track been open to me fifty years ago. In the last 2 years I have also started
running in area 5K’s, making some inroads in this sport as I occasionally place
in my age group. This running, by the way, has helped me move a little better
on the court, especially when playing those challenging singles’ matches
against my 18-year-old opponents. I tell everyone that “I’m having my Title IX
now” and I'm thankful for it!
Carpe Diem!
*Follow us on Facebook to get a first look at new posts, pictures and on-going events or visit us at towpathtennisshop.com and check out the latest arrivals in the shop!